​In the late 19th century, girls' education in Ottoman Syria gained significant momentum. Driven by state reforms and community-led initiatives, it expanded access to schooling even in the absence of direct state funding. By this time, nearly a quarter of Muslim girls had received a modern school education. Partly in response to European modernity, these efforts represented an attempt to "Ottomanize" its forms, particularly following the establishment of missionary girls' schools in the two Vilayets of Damascus and Aleppo. With the rise of the Committee of Union and Progress to power, education became increasingly politicized, contributing to a public turn away from state institutions. Yet the history of girls' education in Syria during the late Ottoman period remains understudied and overshadowed by scholarship on male education. Addressing this gap, this article draws on Ottoman archives, state annals, and local sources to examine the religious, political, and socio-economic forces that shaped this field.​