The rigorous process of philology is what ultimately allows the field of etymology to continue to be relevant even as words are separated from their original meanings contexts.

This paper presents some of the mythology of millennia-old ancient civilizations and the rituals which accompanied these myths before exploring the significant and essential resemblance to the beliefs of contemporary Abrahamic religions.

This paper examines how the replacement of the Timar land-holding system with the Iltizam form within the Ottoman Eyalet of Tripoli impacted the Alawi religious community settled in the “Nusayri” Mountain which fell within that administrative district.